What is a common psychological effect on victims who feel guilty about their situation?

Victims of family violence often experience feelings of guilt related to their circumstances, which is a significant psychological effect of trauma and abuse. This guilt can lead to a diminished sense of self-worth, resulting in low self-esteem. Victims may internalize the blame for the abusive behavior directed at them, believing they could have done something to prevent it or that they deserve the treatment they receive. This mindset can hinder their ability to recognize their own value, impairing their mental health and making it challenging for them to seek help or make positive changes in their lives.

In contrast, the other choices illustrate reactions and traits that are generally not associated with feelings of guilt. Increased socialization, enhanced assertiveness, and heightened resilience are more indicative of individuals who are either recovering from trauma or who possess a healthy self-concept. These qualities are typically built upon self-acceptance and confidence, which can be severely undermined in victims grappling with guilt stemming from their abusive situations.